Thursday, March 12, 2015

History Repeats itself


History, they say, always repeats itself. What, therefore, is now happening in AAP is something that the past has repeatedly witnessed. Two instances that make this entire episode a real time déjà vu are given below-

Indian National Congress- Mid 1960s
Following Lal Bahadur Shastri's untimely death, Indira Gandhi was hoisted as the next Prime Minister by the Congress Old Guard. She seemed pliable and party seniors felt that they could manoeuvre her to get things done. Little did they know, that the woman, who Lohia famously described as "Gungi Gudiya" had ideas of her own. Following poor performance in 1967 general elections, Indira decided to steer leftwards. She ran into resistance from the Old guard. After repeatedly clashing with the Old guard, she was finally expelled from the party for violating party discipline. Unnerved, Indira broke off from the party and formed a party of her own. The Congress(R), as it was called, joined forces with the left and retained power in Delhi. The Old guard, who had made Indira the Prime Minister, were consigned to the dustbin of history.

Arvind Kejriwal was never the ideologue of AAP. That position was held by Yogendra Yadav and the Bhushans. It was they who strategized and put forth political theories that made AAP Delhi’s darling. Arvind Kejriwal became the symbol of AAP, given his passionate speeches, his willingness to fight the Goliath and his earthy demeanour. Sadly, the ideologues refused to give up their idealism for political practicalities. These ideals came in the way of Kejriwal, who in an almost Indira-esque way has chosen to humiliate and discard his former colleagues, while he at all times remains above the mudslinging and name calling. Who will remember Yogendra Yadav and the Bhushans, once they are out of AAP?

Soviet Union -1920s & 30s
Lenin's death was followed by an internal power tussle in which Stalin emerged victorious. Stalin, ever the politician was sick of the ideals of Old Bolsheviks who had won the civil war. He trained his guns at Trotsky, once Lenin's closest confidante, labelled him anti-Soviet and had him banished. Soon, he set his eyes on eliminating other Old Bolsheviks who did not agree with his policies, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Bukharin etc.. Ideology was sacrificed at the altars of demagogy and political realities. In a matter of years, Stalin emerged as the supreme leader. The others were reduced to singing odes in his glory.

Shazia Ilmi, Captain Gopinath, Anjali Damania and now probably Yogendra Yadav and the Bhushans are the Old Bolsheviks of AAP. They helped create the party. They infused it with ideology. They created masses of volunteers who selflessly campaigned for the party. But the “Old Bolsheviks” fell out of favour of the man who they had created. Arvind Kejriwal turned out to be their Frankenstein's monster. With his active connivance, they were pushed outside as Kejriwal strengthened his grip on the party. Ideology fell victim to personal ambitions and political exigencies.

Kejriwal, in all likelihood is AAP’s Robespierre. Robespierre, played a key role during the French Revolution but then turned against those who had led the revolution along with him. Bloodletting followed and the revolution was disgraced. AAP is following the same path. The leadership has been discredited, hallowed ideals have been hollowed and witch hunt has begun.


For now, it seems that the revolution is devouring its own.

Monday, February 9, 2015

A Page from History- Regicide

Shanivarwada Fort

The mighty Maratha empire was now already tottering. Still smarting from the vicious defeat at the hands of the Afghans at Panipat, the Marathas had retreated to become some sort of a feudal power. Their geographic expanse was still considerable, but the empire's invincibility had been shattered once and for all. Peshwas who led the Maratha empire at this time were not the Great Marathas of yore, they were feeble, cautious and prone to conspiracy and deception.

It was at this time that the 17 year old Narayanrao was crowned Peshwa at Shaniwarwada. Since the boy was young, his Uncle, Raghunathrao was appointed as the regent. Raghunathrao was the archetype of Maratha rulers in this era. He was weak, corrupt and morally bankrupt. He had previously joined forces with the Nizams, the mortal enemies of the Marathas to wrest the throne from his brother, Madhavrao. Over the years, however, all had been forgotten and he was named as the regent to the young Peshwa, upon Madhavrao's death. Raghunathrao's wife Anandibai was even more corruptible and prone to hatching conspiracies to win the crown for her husband.

Unfortunately for Narayanrao, his lack of political acumen proved to be a serious impediment in his ability to establish himself. Surrounded by advisers who poisoned the mind of the young ruler, Narayanrao, steadily lost trust of his uncle. His uncle, ever the astute politician, used every opportunity to assert himself. In 1772, Narayanrao, decided to put his uncle under house arrest. Thus began the undoing of the young king and the Maratha empire.

Marathas had always drafted mercenaries for fighting their wars. These mercenaries had been drafted into a corps, known as Gardis. Enraged and Incensed at his nephew's order to confine him, Raghunathrao shot off a letter to Sumer Singh Gardi. The letter, simply read "नारायणरावांना  धरा ", meaning catch Narayanarao. However, before the letter could reach its desination, it fell into Anandibai's hands, who, with all her cunning, changed the " " to " ", making the sentence read, "नारायणरावांना मारा", meaning kill the boy.

On Anant Chaturdashi, 1773, Peshwa Narayanrao took to his heels, trying to dodge the Gardis who chased him through Shaniwarwada. The panic stricken boy screamed at top of his voice, "काका मला वाचवा", "Uncle save me", but his Uncle did not come to his rescue. Sumer Singh Gardi caught hold of the young boy and ran his sword through him, it is believed in Raghunathrao's presence. The Peshwa, hardly 18 years old was hacked into so many pieces, that his body had to filled up in an earthen pot. At midnight, when noone was watching, the boy was cremated.

Raghunathrao's reign as Peshwa was short. The scandalous act of regicide had brought ill fame to the Marathas. An enquiry into this incident by the renowned jurist, Ram Shastri Prabhune, found Rahunathrao and his wife guilty for the young Pehswa's murder. Nana Phadnavis became the regent while the dead Peshwa's one year old son was crowned Peshwa. Raghunathrao, subsequently waged war against the Marathas, allying with the British and then the Portuguese, but to no avail. He died full 10 years after he had had his nephew murdered. His wife, atoned for her sins in line with the customs prevalent then, but resumed her plotting and treachery. She never returned to Pune and died in 1794.

One of the gates of Shaniwarwada, called Jambhul Darwaaza was renamed Narayan Darwaza. It is believed, Narayanrao's hacked body was carried out through this gate. Another area in Shaniwarada's vicinity is now called Narayanpeth, after the slain Peshwa. It is also believed that Shaniwarwada is haunted and that on moonless nights, many have heard "काका मला वाचवा " shatter the silence of this otherwise empty fort.